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Livelihoods, Poverty & Equity

Income and employment in food systems, inequality, child labor, gender and racial equity in access to land and agricultural income.

📄️Agriculture, forestry, and fishing value added per worker (constant 2015 USD/capita)

Agricultural value added per worker is a measure of agricultural productivity—value added per unit of input. Value added denotes the net output of the agriculture sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. Agriculture corresponds to the International Standard Industrial Classification tabulation categories A and B (revision 3) or tabulation category A (revision 4) and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production.

📄️Gini index

The Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents total equality, while an index of 100 implies total inequality.

📄️Percent of children 5-17 years engaged in child labor (%)

The percentage of children between 5 and 17 years-old engaged in child labor. According to the consensus of the Brazilian Ministry of Labor, the Ministry of Social Development, Labor Prosecution Office, National Forum for the Prevention and Eradication of Child Labor, National Council for the Rights of Children and Adolescents, and the International Labor Organization, the definition of child labor takes into account the child's age, the nature of the work performed, the number of hours worked, school attendance, involvement in hazardous activities, and participation in economic activities within the informal sector.

📄️Percent of household consumption spent on food and beverages (households living on less than $2.97 per person per day) (%)

Proportion of household expenditure that is spent on food and beverages among households that report an income of less than $2.97 per person per day (in PPP$ terms). Household expenditure is a proxy for household income. $2.97 is the threshold for the lowest consumption segment in the World Bank Global Consumption Database, defined as falling below the 50th percentile of the global distribution of income per capita. Data are obtained from nationally representative household expenditure or consumption surveys.

📄️Percent of household consumption spent on fruit and vegetables (households living on less than $2.97 per person per day) (%)

Proportion of household food and beverage expenditure that is spent on fruits and vegetables among households that report an income of less than $2.97 per person per day (in PPP$ terms). $2.97 is the threshold for the lowest consumption segment in the World Bank Global Consumption Database, defined as falling below the 50th percentile of the global distribution of income per capita. Data are obtained from nationally representative household expenditure or consumption surveys.

📄️Percent of household consumption spent on meat and fish (households living on less than $2.97 per person per day) (%)

Proportion of household food and beverage expenditure that is spent on meat and fish among households that report an income of less than $2.97 per person per day (in PPP$ terms). $2.97 is the threshold for the lowest consumption segment in the World Bank Global Consumption Database, defined as falling below the 50th percentile of the global distribution of income per capita. Data are obtained from nationally representative household expenditure or consumption surveys.

📄️Percent of the population who cannot afford a healthy diet (%)

The percent of the population whose food budget is below the cost of a healthy diet. The indicator estimates the percentage of individuals in a population whose disposable income, net of the amount needed to acquire basic non-food goods and services, is lower than the average cost of the least-expensive healthy diet in a country. The expenditures for basic non-food needs are calculated as average non-food expenditure shares of low-income consumers multiplied by international poverty lines set by the World Bank. The non-food expenditure share is 37% and 44% in low-income and lower-middle-income countries for the second quintile of consumers, and 54% in upper-middle-and-high-income countries for the first quintile of consumers, according to recent household surveys for 71 countries compiled by the World Bank.