Environment, Natural Resources, and Production
Greenhouse gas emissions, land use, biodiversity, water resources, sustainable production practices, deforestation, pesticides.
Agri-food systems greenhouse gas emissions (kT CO2eq)
Production based greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and F-gases) for food systems, expressed in kT CO2eq (AR5).
Agri-food systems greenhouse gas emissions per person (kg CO2eq/person)
Production based greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and F-gases) for food systems, expressed in kg CO2eq (Global Warming Potential Fifth Assessment Report - WPW AR5) per person.
Agricultural land as percentage of country land area (%)
Proportion of agricultural land area in relation to the total land area per territory (country, state, municipality). Agricultural land includes arable land, land under permanent crops, and meadows or pasture.
Agricultural land change during the last 10 years (1000 ha/year)
Agricultural land expansion or contraction rate during the last ten years.
Balance of nitrogen use in agriculture
The nitrogen balance in agriculture contains information on the flows of this plant nutrient from mineral fertilizers, applied manure, atmospheric deposition, removal by crops, and biological fixation in agricultural land and per unit area of agricultural land. The flows are aggregated into total inputs and total outputs, from which the overall nutrient balance and nutrient use efficiency in agricultural land are calculated. Statistics are presented in tons and kg/ha, as appropriate. Nutrient use efficiency is expressed as a fraction (%).
Beef yield (kg/animal)
Yield means the harvested production per hectare for the area under cultivation, expressed in tonnes per hectare or kilograms per animal.
Blue water use in agriculture (m³/seconds)
Water resources from rivers, lakes or aquifers are called “blue water”. This indicator is a measure of blue water use in food production activities.
Cereals yield (tonnes/ha)
Yield means the harvested production per hectare for the area under cultivation, expressed in tonnes per hectare or kilograms per animal.
Cow's milk yield (100g/animal)
Yield means the harvested production per hectare for the area under cultivation, expressed in tonnes per hectare or kilograms per animal.
Cropland area change (% change)
Average change in total cropland over previous 5 years in percentage terms relative to the total cropland (total cropland as of year 5 of each 5-year window, the year to which the change value is assigned).
Deforestation from agriculture (%)
Percentage of native forest land that transitioned to agricultural areas in the last five years, according to satellite images.
Fertilizer consumption
Amount of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land, including nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium. Traditional animal and plant manure fertilizers are not included.
Fruit yield (tonnes/ha)
Yield means the harvested production per hectare for the area under cultivation, expressed in tonnes per hectare or kilograms per animal.
Functional integrity: proportion of agricultural establishments with at least 10% of their territory occupied by preserved native vegetation (%)
It measures the proportion of semi-natural or natural habitat per km² of agricultural land or pasture. The limit is set at 10%, based on evidence that agroecosystem services are lost when this value is less than 10%. At the national level, this indicator is expressed as the proportion of the country's agricultural land that is above or below the integrity limit.
Greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture (kT CO2eq)
Greenhouse gas emissions produced in the different agricultural emissions subdomains (enteric fermentation, manure management, rice cultivation, synthetic fertilizers, manure applied to soils, manure left on pastures, crop residues, cultivation of organic soils, burning of crop residues, and burning of savanna).
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for beef (kg CO2eq/kg product)
Greenhouse gas emissions, CO2 equivalents (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) from the production of different crops and livestock and commodities within the farm gate.
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for cereals (excluding rice) (kg CO2eq/kg product)
Greenhouse gas emissions, CO2 equivalents (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) from the production of different crops and livestock and commodities within the farm gate.
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for cow's milk (kg CO2eq/kg product)
Greenhouse gas emissions, CO2 equivalents (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) from the production of different crops and livestock and commodities within the farm gate.
Greenhouse gas emissions intensity for rice
Greenhouse gas emissions, CO2 equivalents (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) from the production of different crops and livestock and commodities within the farm gate.
Long term average annual precipitation (mm³/year)
Average precipitation is the long-term average in depth (over space and time) of annual precipitation in the country. Precipitation is defined as any kind of water that falls from clouds as a liquid or a solid.
Nitrogen use in agriculture
Amount of nitrogen used in agriculture, in the form of inorganic fertilizers (chemical or mineral), per hectare of arable land. Includes simple and compound fertilizers.
Percent of farmers certified in organic agriculture (%)
Pencent of farmers certified in organic agriculture. This production system can be less agressive to the environment and a source of food free from pesticides
Percent of farmers with access to technical orientation (%)
Percentage of farmers that received technical orientation among all farmers in the region. This indicator is a proxy for training and applicability of best practices in food production and business menagement.
Percentage of fish stocks with known status (%)
Percentage of species for which stock balance information is available, among all fish species targeted by the Brazilian commercial fleet (listed in Normative Instruction MPA/MMA No. 10/2011) found within the analyzed territory. For this indicator, the assessment was based mainly on technical information available in the scientific literature (scientific articles published in national and international journals), technical reports, and grey literature.
Percentage of fisheries fully covered by landing monitoring (%)
Percentage of fisheries with full coverage of landing monitoring, meaning systematic data collection on catch and fishing effort
Percentage of fisheries with a set of management measures to control fishing effort or catch limits (%)
Percentage of fisheries with management measures to control fishing effort or catch limits established through official normative acts. To count fisheries, each fishing modality (gear type and target species) is considered along with its respective geographic area.
Percentage of food production that is exported
Percentage of the quantity of food products exported in relation to the total food production of the region. This indicator serves as an estimate of the share of local food production in the national food supply.
Pesticide use per area of cropland (kg/ha)
The use of pesticides per area of cropland (which is the sum of arable land and land under permanent crops) at national level expressed as kg active ingredient per hectare.
Proportion of native vegetation in agricultural establishments
Proportion of native vegetation present within the boundaries of agricultural land (crops and pastures), calculated as a percentage of the total cultivated area.
Richness of cultivated species
Average number of cultivated species (within a catalog of 42 species) identified by satellite imagery per 10 km² of arable land.
Root and tuber productivity
Yield of root and tuber production. Production harvested per hectare in the cultivated area, expressed in tons per hectare.
Shannon diversity index
The Shannon diversity index reflects how many different types of foods (crops and livestock) are produced in a certain country, and how evenly these different types are distributed. This indicator identifies the diversity of crops in a country without regard for the nutrient content of each crop. The indicator is scaled from 0 to 1, with 0 representing no diversity and 1 representing the maximum amount of diversity observed.
Share of total water withdrawals used for irrigation and livestock production (%)
Percentage of water withdrawals allocated to irrigation or livestock production. This indicator reflects the proportion of total water use dedicated to food production in comparison to other sectors, such as domestic use, industry, mining, and thermoelectric power generation.
Soil organic content (tonnes/ha)
Average soil organic carbon. Organic carbon is a major component of the organic material present in soils. It stabilizes soil structure and reduces erosion, improves soil fertility, and enhances its water-holding capacity.
Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding land-use change and forestry (ktCO₂eq)
To the extent possible, this indicator includes emissions from all greenhouse gases and major emission sources for each Brazilian state, excluding land change and forestry.
Total greenhouse gas emissions including land-use change and forestry (ktCO₂eq)
To the extent possible, this indicator includes emissions from all greenhouse gases and major emission sources for each Brazilian state.
Trade as proportion of GDP
Trade is the sum of exports and imports of goods and services measured as a share of gross domestic product.
Use of phosphorus in agriculture
Amount of phosphorus used in agriculture, in the form of inorganic fertilizers (chemical or mineral), per hectare of arable land. Includes simple and compound fertilizers.
Vegetable yield (tonnes/ha)
Yield means the harvested production per hectare for the area under cultivation, expressed in tonnes per hectare or kilograms per animal.